There is / There are — (Biror narsaning mavjudligini bildirish)

There is va there are biror joyda odam, narsa yoki narsalar mavjudligini, ya’ni biror joyda kimdir yoki nimadir borligini bildirish uchun ishlatiladi.

• There is a book on the table. – Stol ustida kitob bor.
• There are two books on the table. – Stol ustida ikkita kitob bor.
• There is a man in the room. – Xonada bir kishi bor.
• There are five students in the room. – Xonada beshta o‘quvchi bor.

📌 There is birlikdagi ot bilan, there are esa ko‘plikdagi ot bilan ishlatiladi.

1. There is va There are

2. There is — Birlik

There is biror joyda bittanarsa yoki odam borligini bildirish uchun ishlatiladi.

There is + a/an + singular noun

• There is a book on the table. – Stol ustida kitob bor.
• There is a car outside. – Tashqarida mashina bor.
• There is an apple in the bag. – Sumkada olma bor.
• There is a student in the classroom. – Sinfxonada o‘quvchi bor.

📌 Birlikdagi sanaladigan ot oldidan odatda a/an ishlatiladi:

• There is a book.
• There is an apple.

3. There are — Ko‘plik

There are biror joyda ikki yoki undan ortiq narsa yoki odam borligini bildirish uchun ishlatiladi.

There are + plural noun

• There are two books on the table. – Stol ustida ikkita kitob bor.
• There are three cars outside. – Tashqarida uchta mashina bor.
• There are five students in the room. – Xonada beshta o‘quvchi bor.
• There are many shops in this street. – Bu ko‘chada ko‘plab do‘konlar bor.

4. Darak gap — Affirmative

There is / there are bilan darak gap quyidagi tartibda tuziladi:

There is + singular noun + place

• There is a bank near my house. – Uyim yaqinida bank bor.
• There is a computer on the desk. – Stol ustida kompyuter bor.

There are + plural noun + place

• There are two banks near my house. – Uyim yaqinida ikkita bank bor.
• There are several computers in the office. – Ofisda bir nechta kompyuter bor.

5. There is qisqartmasi

There is ko‘pincha there's shaklida qisqartiriladi.

• There is a problem. = There's a problem. – Muammo bor.
• There is a book on the desk. = There's a book on the desk. – Stol ustida kitob bor.
• There is an old house here. = There's an old house here. – Bu yerda eski uy bor.

📌 There's = There is

There are uchun odatda there's qisqartmasi ishlatilmaydi:

• There are two books. ✅
• There are two books. → There's two books. ❌

6. Inkor gap — Negative

There is / there are bilan inkor gapda not ishlatiladi.

There is not + singular noun

• There isn't a bank here. – Bu yerda bank yo‘q.
• There isn't a computer on the desk. – Stol ustida kompyuter yo‘q.

There are not + plural noun

• There aren't any shops here. – Bu yerda hech qanday do‘kon yo‘q.
• There aren't any students in the classroom. – Sinfxonada hech qanday o‘quvchi yo‘q.

📌 Qisqartmalar:

• There is not → There isn't
• There are not → There aren't

7. So‘roq gap — Questions

So‘roq gapda is/are oldinga chiqadi:

Is there + singular noun ...?

• Is there a bank near here? – Bu yerda yaqin atrofda bank bormi?
• Is there a problem? – Muammo bormi?
• Is there a supermarket nearby? – Yaqin atrofda supermarket bormi?

Are there + plural noun ...?

• Are there any shops near here? – Bu yerda yaqin atrofda do‘konlar bormi?
• Are there any students in the room? – Xonada o‘quvchilar bormi?
• Are there two banks in this area? – Bu hududda ikkita bank bormi?

8. Qisqa javoblar — Short Answers

There is / there are bilan berilgan savollarga qisqa javobda ham there ishlatiladi.

Is there ...?

• Is there a bank near here? — Yes, there is.
• Is there a bank near here? — No, there isn't.

Are there ...?

• Are there any shops here? — Yes, there are.
• Are there any shops here? — No, there aren't.

9. Some bilan There is / There are

Some bir nechta yoki ma’lum bo‘lmagan miqdordagi narsalarni bildirish uchun ishlatiladi. U ko‘pincha darak gaplarda qo‘llanadi.

• There are some books on the table. – Stol ustida bir nechta kitob bor.
• There are some students in the classroom. – Sinfxonada bir nechta o‘quvchi bor.
• There is some water in the bottle. – Shishada biroz suv bor.

📌 Some sanaladigan ko‘plikdagi otlar bilan ham, sanalmaydigan otlar bilan ham ishlatilishi mumkin.

10. Any bilan There is / There are

Any ko‘pincha inkor va so‘roq gaplarda ishlatiladi.

Inkor gap:

• There aren't any books on the table. – Stol ustida hech qanday kitob yo‘q.
• There isn't any water in the bottle. – Shishada umuman suv yo‘q.

So‘roq gap:

• Are there any books on the table? – Stol ustida kitoblar bormi?
• Is there any water in the bottle? – Shishada suv bormi?

11. There is / There are va Some / Any

12. There is / There are va Have / Has farqi

There is / there are biror joyda nimadir mavjudligini bildiradi. Have/hasesa kimdir yoki nimadir biror narsaga egaekanligini bildiradi.

• There is a car in the garage. – Garajda mashina bor.
• I have a car. – Mening mashinam bor.
• There are two bedrooms in the house. – Uyda ikkita yotoqxona bor.
• The house has two bedrooms. – Uyning ikkita yotoqxonasi bor.

📌 Taqqoslang:

• There is a book on the table. – Stol ustida kitob bor.
• I have a book. – Menda kitob bor.

13. There is / There are — Taqqoslash

14. Eng ko‘p uchraydigan xatolar

• ❌ There are a book on the table.
  ✅ There is a book on the table.
• ❌ There is two books on the table.
  ✅ There are two books on the table.
• ❌ There isn't two students.
  ✅ There aren't two students.
• ❌ Are there a bank near here?
  ✅ Is there a bank near here?
• ❌ Is there any shops here?
  ✅ Are there any shops here?
• ❌ There is many people here.
  ✅ There are many people here.
• ❌ There are a problem.
  ✅ There is a problem.

15. Eng muhim formulalar

THERE IS

• Darak → There is + singular noun
• Inkor → There isn't + singular noun
• So‘roq → Is there + singular noun?
• Qisqa javob → Yes, there is / No, there isn't.

THERE ARE

• Darak → There are + plural noun
• Inkor → There aren't + plural noun
• So‘roq → Are there + plural noun?
• Qisqa javob → Yes, there are / No, there aren't.

16. Yakuniy misollar

• There is a cat under the table. – Stol tagida mushuk bor.
• There are three cats under the table. – Stol tagida uchta mushuk bor.
• There isn't a cat under the table. – Stol tagida mushuk yo‘q.
• There aren't any cats under the table. – Stol tagida hech qanday mushuk yo‘q.
• Is there a cat under the table? – Stol tagida mushuk bormi?
• Are there any cats under the table? – Stol tagida mushuklar bormi?
• Yes, there is. – Ha, bor.
• Yes, there are. – Ha, bor.
• No, there isn't. – Yo‘q.
• No, there aren't. – Yo‘q.

📌 Esda saqlang:

• There is → birlik
• There are → ko‘plik
• There isn't → birlikdagi inkor
• There aren't → ko‘plikdagi inkor
• Is there ...? → birlikdagi so‘roq
• Are there ...? → ko‘plikdagi so‘roq
• Some → asosan darak gaplarda
• Any → asosan inkor va so‘roq gaplarda